A yau, ciwon baya yana ɗaya daga cikin dalilan da ya sa mutane ke neman ƙwararrun shawara. A cewar wasu bayanai, yana faruwa aƙalla sau ɗaya a rayuwa a cikin aƙalla 80% na yawan jama'a, kuma aƙalla 4-9% kowace shekara suna neman ƙwararrun shawara game da shi. Raɗaɗin jin zafi a sama da yankin lumbar, a baya, suna cikin gunaguni na kowa. A cikin wannan labarin, za mu yi magana game da matsalolin da za su iya haifar da ciwo a wannan yanki, yadda aka gano su, da kuma tabo batun magance su.
Wasu Dalilan Da Zai Iya Kawo Ciwo
Mafi yawan lokuta na ciwo a cikin baya da yankin lumbar shine ciwon musculoskeletal, wanda zai iya haifar da osteochondrosis, myositis, da intervertebral hernia. Duk da haka, ana iya haifar da shi ta wasu cututtuka, da kuma wasu yanayi na jikin mutum. Bari mu dubi wasu dalilai na kowa.
Osteochondrosis
Ko, bisa ga kalmar da aka karɓa a yau a cikin rarrabawar cututtuka na duniya - dorsopathy. Waɗannan su ne canje-canje na dystrophic a cikin nama na guringuntsi na diski na intervertebral, ramawa ga nauyin kaya a kan kashin baya, samar da damuwa a lokacin motsi, nauyin rawar jiki, da dai sauransu. zaman kashe wando, da rashin motsa jiki.
Myalgia
Wadannan ciwon tsoka ne wanda zai iya haifar da dalilai daban-daban. Kawai sama da ƙananan baya sune tsokoki waɗanda ke riƙe da daidaita ginshiƙan kashin baya. Sabili da haka, dalilin jin zafi a cikin su na iya zama cututtuka daban-daban na kashin baya kanta, da kuma ƙara yawan aikin jiki, hypothermia, da dai sauransu.
Intervertebral hernia
Wannan yana daya daga cikin rikice-rikice na osteochondrosis na kashin baya, wanda a cikinsa ya rushe mutuncin diski na intervertebral, kuma tushen ruwa da ke ciki yana shiga cikin canal na kashin baya. Dangane da girman hernia da wurin da yake a baya, zafin harbi mai kaifi na iya faruwa, wani lokacin yana haskakawa zuwa wasu sassan jiki da gaɓoɓin (tare da ilimin cututtuka a sama da ƙananan baya, wannan na iya zama ko dai kafa ko hannu).
Cututtukan gabobin ciki
Ciwon baya ba koyaushe alama ce ta matsaloli tare da kashin baya ba. Sau da yawa shi ma zai iya zama alama na pathologies na ciki gabobin: na ciki da kuma duodenal ulcers, pancreatitis, cholecystitis, urolithiasis, koda cututtuka, da dai sauransu Duk da haka, shi ba ko da yaushe ya ji rauni a cikin ciki, gefe ko wani yanki inda abin ya shafa sashin yana located. .
Canje-canje masu alaƙa da shekaru
Tare da shekaru, tsarin tsarin kashin baya yana fuskantar sauye-sauye masu yawa, musamman abin lura tare da salon rayuwa da rage nauyi. Sun shafi na'urorin ligamentous, tsokoki, da nama na kashi. Osteochondrosis da arthrosis, hade da tsoka atrophy da kuma asarar elasticity na ligament, na iya haifar da ciwo lokaci-lokaci a cikin yankin lumbar.
Ciki
Ciwon baya ba koyaushe alama ce ta kowace cuta ba. Misali, jinkirin daukar ciki yana iya haifar da wannan yanayin a cikin mata. Dangane da bayanan da aka samo, 90% na mata masu juna biyu suna koka da ciwon baya da 50% na rashin jin daɗi a cikin yanki na musamman a yankin lumbar. Amma me yasa hakan ke faruwa? Dalilan sune canje-canjen ilimin lissafi a cikin biomechanics na ƙashin ƙugu da kashin baya. A mafi yawan lokuta, zafi zai iya faruwa a cikin matan da suka fuskanci matsalolin baya
Nau'in jin zafi
Fahimtar irin ciwon da mutum ke fama da shi yana da mahimmanci don ganewar asali. Ciwon baya a sama da ƙananan baya na iya zama ɗamara, zafi, ja, maras nauyi, kaifi, da sauransu. Hanyoyi ƙarin bayanai ne kawai waɗanda ake amfani da su don ganewar asali. Bai kamata ku dogara da su gaba ɗaya ba, ƙasa da gano kanku kawai akan wannan bayanin.
Wasu yuwuwar hanyoyin gano cutar
A lokacin ƙwararrun shawarwari, ana tattara anamnesis da bayanai kan alamun bayyanar. Duk da haka, wannan bai isa ba: ana buƙatar ƙarin gwaje-gwaje don yin ƙarin ganewar asali. Kwararren na iya iyakance kansa ga ɗaya daga cikinsu ko kuma ya rubuta da yawa.
Radiyon rediyo
Wannan fasaha ce ta gano cutar ta hanyar amfani da hasken X-ray. Tare da taimakon irin wannan jarrabawa, yana yiwuwa a gano fractures, osteochondrosis na kashin baya, spondylosis, neoplasms, da curvatures da sauran cututtuka. Lokacin yin aikin rediyo, hoton sashin jikin da aka yi nazari yana hasashe akan fim ko takarda a cikin tsinkaya ɗaya kawai - wannan hanyar ba ta da cikakken bayani fiye da X-ray CT da MRI.
Hoton hoto na X-ray (X-ray computed tomography)
X-ray CT yayi kama da na'urar rediyo a cikin fasahar da aka yi amfani da ita: kuma yana dogara ne akan hasken x-ray. Duk da haka, sakamakon irin wannan bincike, ba 2D ba, amma ana samun hoton 3D, wanda ke samuwa don nazarin Layer-by-Layer. Don wannan, ana amfani da radiation mai ƙarfi mai ƙarfi, wanda bai kamata a yi amfani da shi akai-akai ba. Ana iya yin RCT tare da ko ba tare da bambanci ba, wanda ke ba da hoto mai haske kuma yana ƙara nasarar gano wasu cututtuka.
MRI
Hoton maganan maganadisu hanya ce ta bincike wanda kuma ke ba mutum damar samun hoton multilayer a cikin hasashe da yawa, amma ba shi da alaƙa da amfani da hasken X-ray. Ya dogara ne akan karfin maganadisu don haka ya fi aminci fiye da hasken X-ray da CT scans, amma bai dace da marasa lafiya da sifofin ƙarfe na dindindin a cikin jiki ba. Bugu da ƙari, wannan binciken ya fi surutu kuma ya fi tsayi. Kamar CT, MRI za a iya yi tare da bambanci zuwa mafi daidai ganewar asali wasu cututtuka.
Ultrasound
Wannan dabarar ta dogara ne akan ka'idar amsawa kuma, a matsayin mai mulkin, ana amfani da shi don tantance cututtuka na gabobin ciki idan alamun sun ba da dalili don zargin kasancewar su. Yana da matukar ba da labari da aminci a cikin binciken gabobi da kyallen takarda. Ana kuma yin duban dan tayi na kashin baya, amma da wuya.
Binciken dakin gwaje-gwaje
Don gano wani tsari mai kumburi, kasancewar kamuwa da cuta ko ƙari, ana iya tsara gwajin jini na gaba ɗaya tare da dabarar ESR-leukocyte. A nan gaba, idan ana zargin cututtukan gabobin ciki, ana iya ba da ƙarin gwaje-gwajen dakin gwaje-gwaje.
Sauran hanyoyin gano cutar
Idan ana zargin wani takamaiman yanayin zafi ko cututtukan gabobin ciki, ana iya rubuta wasu gwaje-gwaje har sai an gano cutar kuma an gano dalilin ciwon.
Maganin ciwon baya sama da yankin lumbar
Mataki mafi mahimmanci na kawar da ciwon baya shine samun ƙwararrun shawarwari. Bayan ganewar asali, ware daga cututtuka na ciki gabobin, tsanani pathologies na kashin baya da kuma kayyade zafi a matsayin nonspecific, wadannan za a iya bada shawarar:
- shan NSAIDs.Magungunan anti-mai kumburi marasa steroidal don amfani na ciki da na gida galibi ana amfani dasu don sauƙaƙa ciwon baya mara takamaiman, osteochondrosis, hernias da sauran cututtuka. Sashin irin waɗannan kwayoyi sun haɗa da sashi mai aiki a cikin abun da ke ciki - nimesulide;
- shan tsoka relaxants.An tsara su don taimakawa wajen yaki da ƙwayar tsoka, don haka inganta motsi da rage ciwo;
- shan wasu magunguna.Don cututtuka na gabobin ciki ko ciwon baya a lokacin daukar ciki, saitin magunguna zai fi dacewa ya bambanta;
- physiotherapy da motsa jiki far.A lokacin lokacin m, ana iya ba da shawarar hanyoyin jiki daban-daban don rage zafi da haɓaka haɓakawa. Wadannan sun hada da, misali, electrophoresis tare da analgesics, pulsed igiyoyi, ultraviolet sakawa a iska mai guba, tausa, motsa jiki far, kazalika da ma'adinai wanka, laka far, da dai sauransu. ;
- aikin tiyata.Ana iya ba da aikin tiyata don fayafai na herniated idan wasu hanyoyin maganin jin zafi ba su haifar da sakamako na dogon lokaci ba, kuma ana iya nuna su bisa sakamakon MRI, X-ray ko X-ray.
Wasu Matakan Rigakafi Mai yuwuwa
Tun da abubuwan haɗari don ci gaban ciwon baya na musculoskeletal, ciki har da yankin da ke sama da yankin lumbar, sun haɗa da aikin jiki mai nauyi, salon rayuwa, da kuma lankwasawa akai-akai na jiki, ɗagawa mai nauyi da rawar jiki, ana bada shawara don rage girman waɗannan abubuwan. a matsayin ma'aunin kariya. Idan bayanku ya riga ya yi zafi sama da ƙananan baya, bai kamata ku yi saurin cika tsokoki tare da gymnastics ba musamman wasanni - ya kamata ku fara neman ƙwararrun shawara don kawar da cututtukan cututtuka.